... prior to then in terms of planning. Element of planning are accepted to exist before industrialisation; since ancient times, towns had been laid out by authority, public facilities had been provided, and regulations to control private building had been enforced (Sutcliffe. 1980), as its claimed without such planning towns were 'liable to discourage prospective residents, turn away trade, burn down and lose their populations in sweeping epidemics'. Even in ancient and medieval times towns were planned 'in the sense that their existence and their location were laid down consciously by some ruler or some group of merchants; among this group, a large proportion even had formal ground plans with a strong element of geometric regularity' (Hall. 2002). It is widely acknowledges that the greatest flowering of formal town planning before the Industrial Revolution came in the Baroque era in Europe, during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. At this time, Britain ...

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