... sustained as the original residential areas near to the CBD. However, these original central occupants who live to a reasonable standard near to the CBD no longer need to live in the thick of the urban area due to transport improvement and tele-communication technology. The wealthier communities move out of the CBD and settle outside of the migrants zone in new housing. This leaves the working class occupying the majority of the inner-city residential estates. Geographers have identified a spiral of decline that affects many parts of large cities. Population decline is linked to declining employment opportunities. Consequently, investment is withdrawn. Unemployment means that people have less money to spend, and this has a multiplier effect on other businesses, such as shops and other services. This area near to the CBD is perceived as a "problem area," and it becomes difficult to attract staff for schools, hospitals and social services. ...

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