... bonds occur between the bases. These bonds hold the two phospho-sugar backbones together. Two hydrogen bonds form between the adenine and the thymine. Three hydrogen bonds form between the cytosine and the guanine. This forms a double strand. The geometry of the valencies of the carbon atoms twists these two strands into a double helix. The following diagram shows this double helix. Describe how the information stored on DNA can be translated into a molecule of protein. 11marks DNA is divided up into unit genes. Each gene carries the information to make one protein. The information to make this gene is a triplet code. Three bases are the code for one amino acid. For DNA to be translated it must first be transcribed into messenger RNA. This is done by a process known as transcription. An enzyme "unzips" the DNA molecule by breaking the hydrogen bonds between the bases. This exposes the ...

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