... of components in the first step ensures a ladder of progressively longer molecules is created. The resulting four lanes on the sequencing gel - G, A+G, C+T, C - enables the sequence to be determined. The Sanger method relies on the principle of enzymic chain termination and is the more common method for two main reasons. The most important is that it is more easily automated, and this is essential to speed up the process. The second is that the chemicals used in the Maxam method are toxic and therefore hazardous to the health of the researchers. The first step in the Sanger method is production of purified single-stranded DNA for use as a template. There are three main methods by which these can be obtained. One involves the use of the bacterial virus M13, as it is capable of producing single stranded DNA and also purifying it. The DNA ...

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