... [A-] CH3COOH + H2O - CH3COO- + H3+O (100 - x) x x = 0.398/1 100 x 0.398 = 28.46 cm3 salt 1.398 Therefore: 100 - 28.46 = 71.54 acid For the making of the buffer pH 8.8: Equations for the dissociation of ammonia and ammonium chloride respectively: NH3 + H2O - NH2- + H3+O NH2Cl › NH2- + Cl- Using the equation previously stated: 8.8 = 9.3 - log [HA] [A-] 5.2 - 4.8 = - log [HA] [A-] 0.5 = - log [HA] [A-] 10-0.5 = [HA] [A-] 0.316 = [HA] : [A-] CH3COOH + H2O - CH3COO- + H3+O (100 - x) x x = 0.316/1 100 x 0.316 = 24.01 cm3 salt 1.316 Therefore: 100 - 24.01 = 75.99 cm3 acid In order to make these buffer solutions, I must accurately measure the volumes of the acid and the salt. Unfortunately, the most accurate volumetric measuring equipment available to me is a burette that is only accurate to one decimal place. However, this should be sufficient to obtain a pH value correct to one decimal ...

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