... control processes such as rehearsal, may have permanence in LTM. Many experimental studies of STM and LTM have been consistent with the multi-store model. (Atkinson & Shiffrin 1968, 1971: cited by Gross 2001) The "serial position effect" (SPE) presented by Murdock was the result of an experimental study where participants were asked to memorise a series of words. It was found that items at the start and end of the series seemed to be recalled with more frequency because of what Murdock called the primacy and recency effects, and that intermediary items seemed to be recalled less efficiently - subsequently called asymptote. (Murdock 1962: cited by Cech 2001 and Gross 2001), Multi-store theorists would argue that SPE works under the assumption that two result sets are the consequence of the operation of two different memory systems. It would be argued that primacy works on the presumption that items at the start of ...

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