... (2000) claimed that genetic factors can only account for approximately 35 per cent of individual differences in trait anxiety) it does not account for environmental influences and individual differences in cognitive functioning. As trait anxiety has been found to have a genetic element, albeit not a great one; it is therefore useful for sports performers that have a predisposition of trait anxiety to implement stress management strategies before performances, in order to control their state anxiety levels. Owing to problems with the physiological approach to anxiety, M. Eysenck began to focus on a cognitive approach to anxiety. The cognitive approach to anxiety considered how individual's process threatening information. The cognitive theory of anxiety proposed by Eysenck (1992) demonstrated how individual differences in trait anxiety depend partly on cognitive biases and this notion is supported by various studies, (Macleod & Matthews, 1988; Breck & Smith, 1983; Macleod & Cohen, 1993, in ...

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