... seven, plus or minus two'. In his study Miller found that by packaging information into larger units or 'chunks' the amount of information retained could be increased although still only seven plus or minus two of these chunks were retained by the short term memory. The table below (cited in Hill 2001) shows two sets of the same information. It is almost impossible to remember all of the items in the first section after looking at them for a few seconds then trying to recall them, but by chunking the items into larger units (as in the second section) they are much easier to recall. This process is called chunking. The ability to recall chunks of information is made easier if the 'chunks' have meaning from the long-term memory. Visual perception involves the brain and the senses working together. One particular group of cognitive psychologists, called Gestalt psychologists, believed that ...

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