... According to case 2, the stimulus will be snakes and the response will be phobia. But how can the fear of snakes turn into a phobia? If the reaction of snakes fear is first rewarded, their behaviors will be reinforced and thus they will be more likely to express their fearful responses. For example, a girl first sees a snake and then she screams and cries. Her mother comforts her and gives her a sweet. In this case, the girl is rewarded and her response will be reinforced. In case 3, students pay large amounts of money and put up with considerable hardship to attend college. This reflects the phenomenological perspective. According to this perspective, self-actualization is emphasized. People will act out to work towards an individual's full potentials. Students need to study hard in order to enter the university and have a degree so that they can have personal growth. ...

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