... his study of classical conditioning Pavlov used animals because he believed they would give 'considerable insights into the workings of the human brain.' (Fulcher, 2003) From previous research Pavlov was aware that when a dog is presented with food, it begins to salivate. He then repeatedly rang a bell (CS) before the food (UCS) was presented to the dog. The results of his research showed that before classical conditioning the UCS would result in an unconditioned response, UCR (salivation). Before classical conditioning, when the CS was presented alone, the dog showed no response. During classical conditioning the CS and the UCS were paired together resulting in a conditioned response, CR (salivation). After classical conditioning when the CS was presented alone the dog would begin to salivate before the food was even visible. From this it can be shown that unconditioned reflexes are part of the organism's biology whilst conditioned responses ...

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