... ethics have been developed (Neale & Liebert, 1996). Codes of ethics provide guidance for researchers and codifying thinking (Neuman, 2003). Davidson and Tolich (1999) postulate that most codes of ethics can be reduced to a collection of common principles. These are: * First do no harm * All participation needs to be voluntary * Preserve the anonymity or confidentiality of participants * Avoid deceit * Analyse and report data faithfully This framework will be used to discuss the similarities and differences between two ethical codes: the Sociological Association of Aotearoa (1999) code of ethics and the American Psychological Association (200) ethics code. How principles of research ethics are implemented will also be discussed. First Do No Harm Davidson and Tolich (1999) emphasize that researchers should never harm the individuals involved in their research. Both the American Psychological Association (2002) and the Sociological Association of Aotearoa (1999) code of ethics include statements, which reflect this principle: "Researchers should ...

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