... Smith, Ward, and Schumacher (1993) and Marsh, Landau, and Hicks (1996) have shown the standard conformity effect - that participants will incorporate shared features from examples into novel drawings more frequently than participants who are not shown any examples Smith et al. (1993) conducted an experiment to "demonstrate that merely presenting individuals with examples in a creative generation task would bias their creations to contain the shared properties of those examples." In the experiment, participants were asked to draw as many novel ideas (toys or imaginary creatures) as possible in a specific amount of time. Half of the participants were shown examples prior to the task while the other half were not. The result showed that indeed, "creative designs were constrained when the examples were shown prior to the generation task." Marsh et al. (1996) replicated the previous experiment in order to test the presented conclusion that creativity was constrained. If the ...

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