... The subjects of the experiment were New York subway travellers between 11am and 3pm. Approximately 45% of the travellers were black, 55% were white, with a mean of 8.5 bystanders in the critical area. Results: The frequency of the help was above average, overall 93% helped spontaneously, 60% of which involved more than one helper. Help was so spontaneous that the model's effect could not be properly studied. A victim who was appeared ill was more likely to receive help than one who appeared drunk. There was 100% help for the cane victim (of which 63 out of 65 trials involved spontaneous help) but 81% help for the drunk victim (of which 19 out of 38 trials involved spontaneous help). Help was also offered more quickly for the cane victim (a median of 5 seconds compared to 109 second delay with the drunk victim). There was a tendency for the same race helping ...

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