... study on memory. The subject was told he would play the role of teacher. The subject watched as the learner (a confederate) was strapped into a chair and wired to an electrode that would deliver an electric shock if he gave the wrong answer. The subject was then taken to an adjoining room where an impressive array of switches ranging from mild shock to severe shock and finally danger. He was given a 45-volt shock to prove the authenticity of the machine. When the procedure began the experimenter instructed the subject to increase the shock level after each successive wrong answer. The learner did not actually receive any shocks. As the fake shocks began to be delivered the learner could be heard protesting in pain. When the shock level reached extreme danger he could no longer be heard protesting. Many subjects pleaded with the experimenter to stop. The experimenter responded ...

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