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Essays in Psychometrics category
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The researcher is studying anxiety disorders, more specifically phobias and whether a person's fear of a creature is correlated with the person's fear of the creature's ugliness.
... how fearful they are of that creature's ugliness. The participants were selected through an opportunity sample. The results, which were 0.95, which the researcher calculated from the use of Spearman's Rho, indicated that there was a very significant correlation between ...
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The Role of the Fundamental Attribution Error on the Judgement of IQ.
... they could tell that others behaved according to the circumstances of chance, however, observers would attribute the behaviour to the situation. Jones and Harris (1967) conducted an experiment, which aimed to illustrate the fundamental attribution error. The participants listened to pro- ...
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The sheep-goat effect - A study on how extra-sensory perception belief affects repetition avoidance.
... replicate Brugger's (1990) finding and it was concluded that belief or disbelief in ESP did not affect avoidance of repetitions. Introduction Many studies have been carried out on the subject of repetition avoidance. Experiments have shown that people find it difficult to ...
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The Strenght’s and Limitations of Milgrim’s Work & the Contribution of his Research to Psychological Understanding
... switches after this were marked XXX. The participants were randomly drawn to decide who would be the teacher and who would be the learner. The participant always became the teacher. The learner was strapped into the chair with the electrodes ...
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The study carried out is based on the theories of schema. It focuses on the recent Asian tsunami.
... meaning of the story, but usually not the exact sentences that we are told but the story is remembered by actively constructing a meaningful representation of the story in our memory. This theory can be tested in the levels of ...
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The study I will be investigating is that of "Perceptual set".
... values. Contingency Table Perpetual set study using the Leeper Lady stimulus Young Face Old Face Marginal Totals Young People 1 0=32 E=26.09 2 0=1 E=6.9 33 Older People 3 0=33 E=41.9 4 0=17 E=11.09 53 Marginal Totals 68 18 Grand Total 86 E values are calculated by multiplying marginal totals ...
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The study of intelligence has always been a controversial topic because it has often been embroiled in politics - the politics of education, work and even race.
... age and multiplying by 100 (Gleitman, 1999). Two problems arose from this method - one being that it generated clearly wrong numbers and secondly it cannot necessarily be said that the difference between a five and an eight-year-old is the ...
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The study will aim to determine if there is a specific component of the EEG which is associated with a change in arousal.
... us with a scale or levels of activation. The EEG, is a measurement of electrical activity in the cerebral cortex, reflecting changes in its frequency distribution with the level of arousal (Daniel, 1966) Underlying both SCL and EEG measures are shared ...
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The study will be a partial repetition of the original experiment on the stroop effect by J.R. Stroop.
... incongruent colours. They were then asked not to read the words, but to state the colour of each written word. The participants took a lot more time to accomplish this task in comparison to the first one. Stroop therefore concluded ...
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The topic of the present research is the influence of categorization on perceptual memory for facial expression.
... 1-minute delay. Therefore, there are some weaknesses in Woll's and Martinez's experiment. Hypotheses The present research tested the hypothesis that using specific emotion concepts, such as happy, angry and sad, in explaining perceived emotional facial expressions would bias perceptual memory for those ...
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The validity and accuracy in analysing personality traits using interobserver reliability.
... study, it is very important to understand the accuracy and validity in judgments, which can be illustrated by the moderators of accuracy and inter-rater reliability. Funder has outlined the moderators of accuracy as the 'good judge' 'the good target or ...
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The ‘Glass Cliff’: An investigation into the effect of gender and performance of company on perceived suitability for a leader
... in equal opportunities for females in the work place, it has been proposed that subtle descrimination still takes place, with women being prevented from reaching high positions by an invisible barrier, termed as 'the glass ceiling' (Morrison, White & Van ...
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There are many methods of research. Interviews are useful for both quantitative and qualitative research depending on the questions asked. They can also be structured or unstructured or a mixture of both. They are particularly useful if the researcher
... (Bell, J. 1993) Qualitative research obtains view points and personal feelings from its participants. These are not easily measured. Qualitative researchers wish to gain insight into their topic rather than make an analysis of statistics. They are less concerned with how ...
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Therefore no correlation was found between the attractiveness of the males and females in long term relationships and the null hypothesis was accepted.
... factors such as personality type, IQ and sense of humour affect matching not physical attractiveness. INTRODUCTION Murstein's Matching Hypothesis (1972) suggests that people are attracted to people who are of a similar level of attractiveness to themselves and that this can be ...
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This investigation is testing the idea that congruity of facial expressions is related to enjoyment of social interactions.
... INTERACTIONS In this experiment it was being investigated if congruity of facial expressions is related to the enjoyment of social interactions. Facial expressions are an important tool in our ever day life in expressing emotion in our every day social interaction, ...
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This report outlines the aims and procedures of a study conducted into the effectiveness of focus groups as a social research method. As social research students we were to observe a focus group selected by the lecturer
... areas of religion, socialisation and age. Focus groups are under-used in social research, although they have a long history in market research, and more recently in medical research. This exercise examines the value of focus groups as a tool for social ...
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This study is a partial replication of a study by Bransford and Johnson (1972) on the effect of giving someone a schema to aid comprehension and recall of a short passage.
... were collected and a statistical test was then carried out in order to establish significance. The significance level was set at P?0.05 and a Mann Whitney U test was conducted. (U = 27.5 CV = 72). This means that the ...
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This study is an experiment to see how quickly people with different personalities get bored when doing a boring task.
... on their answers and a high score would indicate they were more of an extravert and a low score would indicate they were more of an introvert. To see how long it takes for our participants to get bored we ...
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This study is in the form of an experiment so that the independent variable can be manipulated and cause and effect can be tested. The hypothesis developed is 1-tailed because previous research suggests a direction to the results.
... 20 people in the sample with two groups of 10. The sample will be randomly allocated to a condition by giving each participant a number 1-20 each relating to a certain condition. Procedure Students will be approached in the sixth form common ...
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To investigate whether there is a correlation (positive or negative) between daily stress in humans and common illnesses.
... which involved me telling them the general gist of the exercise (although not giving away the true nature of the study), and reading them their rights as participants (for example they could withdraw their results at any time). I then ...
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To what extent are 'flashbulb memories' different from ordinary memories?
... first hearing about the terrorist attacks of September 11 and of a recent everyday event. They were tested again 1, 6, or 32 weeks later. Consistency for the flashbulb and everyday memories did not differ, in both cases declining over ...
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To what extent are the findings from obedience research consistent with the view that human beings are obedient to authority?
... the atrocities committed by the Nazi's during the war wee not the result of an innate character defect solely in the German people; a readiness to obey without question. Milgram advertised for volunteers to be paid $4.50, for their involvement ...
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To what extent can the ethical guidelines ensure that the major ethical issues involved in social influence research are properly dealt with?
... also evident with such symptoms of anxiety, stress and damaged self-esteem. Within the BPS there are various consenting instructions and rules to the manner in which consent should be asked. However this proves impossible with some social influence research such ...
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To what extent can the validity of obedience research be defended?
... the findings generalise to other settings, both ecological and temporal). In 1974, Milgram conducted a study to see whether participants would obey an experimenter - a person of authority, when instructed to administer potentially dangerous electric shocks to another person. The ...
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To what extent do the ‘ends’ justify the ‘means’ in ethically objectionable experiments such as Milgram’s study of obedience?
... will also be put forward. The results of Milgram's experiment will be presented followed by a discussion regarding the contribution that Milgram's study made to the understanding of human behaviour. Milgram's study put volunteers into a controlled situation as teachers, ...