... section. These acts of violence, team identification, and ritual aggression developed in a few short years into the social epidemic of soccer hooligans. (Soccer-website) So what has caused these soccer fans to become hooligans? This question has been the cause of major debate in the sociological community. There have been many different opinions to the cause hooliganism, however many of the theories are somewhat compatible with each. One proposed cause is retaliation against the professionalisation of soccer. During the 1950's and 1960's soccer developed from a sport that was played by local soccer clubs, to a spectator sport where fans watched professional athletes. It is thought that this change in the sport may have alienated many fans making them feel excluded from their favourite sport and pass time (Taylor). Sociologist Ian Taylor states that feelings of alienation may cause hooliganism, which is a symbolic attempt to regain control of game from ...

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