... aggression and violence, it is necessary to look at the origins and history of each approach. The behaviourist movement predominately came out of the work of Ivan Pavlov, who extensively researched the conditioning of reflex responses, and was later preceded by the influential studies of behaviourists such as Watson, Thorndike and Skinner. By drawing on Pavlov's earlier work, they were able to develop major theories of learning, such as classical and operant conditioning, which were applied to the study of aggressive or violent behaviour in order to understand its origins and if possible reduce its effects. In general, the psychodynamic approach arose from Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory, but also encompasses those later theories of Jung, Alder and Erickson. This approach focuses on internal forces within the personality, and argues that conflict between the individual parts of the personality; Freud identified three, defines our behaviour and shapes our character. One of ...

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