... skills: sports such as netball, football, and hockey normally involve open skills. This is because the environment is always changing so movements have to be changed all the time within the sport. Therefore, skills are perceptual. They are "predominately perceptual movement patterns that require adjustment and adaptation" (Wesson and Wiggins). The skill is mostly externally paced, for example in football when a pass is made there are many ways of completing the pass (lofted ball, driven low etc) but the direction, speed and loft will rely on such external factors as the pitch, the weather and the position of team mates/opponents. Closed skills: are skills that take place in a stable environment where the performer knows exactly what to do and when to do it. Therefore skills are not affected by the environment and tend to be routine. Movements follow set patterns and have a clear beginning and end, for example ...

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