... norms.' According to Robin Murray (1989) (Cited by Madry and Kirby, 1996, pp.50), the Fordist production was based on four major principles, which are standardization, mechanization, scientific management and flowline production. These Fordist production principles largely raise the firms' productive efficiency and then increase the productivity of the whole economy. Specifically, standardization can save time and resources in developing different types of parts to match different types of products; mechanization saves the labour cost and increases some workers' safety; Scientific management, which is heavily influenced by Taylorism, refers to both fragmented tasks and redesigned jobs based on Time-and-Motion studies, i.e. break tasks into simplest pieces and strictly manage the production process to stop workers from being lazy; The flowline, compared with nodal assembly, not only saves the moving time for workers but also helps workers to concentrate on their own jobs. Generally, Fordism helps manufacture firms achieve mass production and hence ...

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