... the other, low wage jobs in the same sector, requiring no training. (Sassen-Koob: 1983) Migration is more of a recent phenomenon in anthropology as earlier work focused on the anthropology of emigration, which tended to understand migration as an external force - a push factor which would inevitably lead to a break down of local culture, and the adoption of new ones. Over-generalised theories like this were prominent amongst early anthropological research in pre-Independence Africa and India, as they saw the sending countries as 'corrupted'. It linked labour migration with agricultural decay, detribalization and even the breakdown of the joint family. 2 Katy Gardner argues that although emigration does in many ways cause radical change and readjustment, it does not necessarily mean great structural change or the breakdown of traditional forms. This is especially true where migrants have the money to maintain some forms. However, Gardner's ethnography focuses on the lives ...

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