... combine technical expertise, rational decision making and public values and preferences (Renn et al, 1997). Thus, risk communication goals should reflect a two-way exchange of information leading to a common approach to discussion of issues and a common influence on risk decisions. If the public perceives it is being manipulated, loss of trust and even public outrage will be the outcome. Successful public dialogue requires (POST, 2001):> high level commitment> an institutional culture valuing dialogue> sufficient funds and skilled personnel> a clear idea of why dialogue is being sought> clear ways to show how dialogue has informed decision-making> an agreed system for measuring impact and quality. There is no widely agreed set of characteristics that would determine whether any one process of public dialogue is or is not 'legitimate', but observers have pointed to three key factors:> Fairness> Method and timing> Participation Several methods of public participation have arisen ...

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