... were small, which tend to be under-insured, making resurrection unlikely.7 Also affected were local tourism and non-profit organisations. Many non-profit organisations are reliant on government support.8 With the government and other large business contributors concentrating their finances on the city's restoration, and individuals donating to the September 11th disaster fund, their revenues fell tremendously. The World Trade Center attracted international tourists and business travellers, who stayed in the local hotels, ate in local restaurants and spent money in local shops.9 With increased security risks such people were no longer inclined to visit Lower Manhattan. "The Harris Interactive survey of consumers in Britain and Canada suggested that travel to New York from those countries would decline approximately 40% in the fourth quarter."10 The loss of trade had a knock-on effect throughout the surrounding area. "Numerous restaurants were forced to close and others cut staff due to the spill-over effects."11 "An estimated 125,000 ...

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