... has attained the goals (Price, 1972). This is a logical and common way of assessing effectiveness, because output can be readily measured as every organisation do try to attain a certain levels of output, customers satisfaction, profit. Most organisations have multiple goals; therefore there is a need to choose the correct goals to be assessed for effectiveness. It is better to use operative goals to measure effectiveness, as it is easier to measure compared to the official goals, which are more abstract. For example, a bus company can look at the number of passengers that take it buses everyday to measure their effectiveness, instead of how happy are the passengers or how happy is the bus driver. It is easier to measure effectiveness if the factor can be quantified, However, it is not easy to identify the operative goals and measuring the performance. Since organisations, have multiple goals, effectiveness ...

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