... be blamed for all of the other incompetence that flows from the managers directly above him who were promoted in exactly the same way. In top-down organizations managers are focused on processes and regulations. They do not support their employees as much as they control them. Managers do the thinking, employees do the doing. Finally, a company with a top-down structure is competitively disadvantaged in the long run. In order to stay in business and remain competitive, companies have to be, run smoother, be more cost effective, grasp innovation, build leaders, and be able to change quickly and be flexible above all else. Careers were made and careers were shattered and destroyed as people reacted, and to our strong belief highly overreacted, to Dr. Peter's great insight. The point is that when we read the case, at first we were astonished, as Peter's principle sounded so truthful, ...

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