... this essay we will first study the theoretical input of social scientists in the field of work motivation, and then view their practical application through a study on work design and empowerment. The theories on work motivation can de divided into three different groups; content, process, and reinforcement theories. The first type of theory to be studied is content theories, which look at the role played by the individual's need strength, and how these affect motivation at work. One of the key theories of the content theories is Maslow's theory on the hierarchy of needs. Maslow believed that humans were motivated by many needs of hierarchical order. (Buchanan, 1997). The first need was physiological needs, or the need for a secure environment, which incorporated things such as job security and benefits. The second category was the need for belongingness, need of acceptance from others, and a sense of belonging, ...

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