... discussion of possible socio-political influences on stress phenomena and their study and explores briefly some of the implications of such more expansive approaches for intervention practice and research. PART 1 Typical SMIs: Definitions and Issues The term stress management interventions (SMIs) refers to "any activity, program, or opportunity initiated by an organization, which focuses on reducing the presence of work-related stressors or on assisting individuals to minimize the negative outcomes of exposure to these stressors" (Ivancevitch, Matteson, Freedman and Phillips, 1990/p.252). A common scheme for categorizing different types of SMIs distinguishes between primary, secondary and tertiary interventions (Murphy, 1988; Cooper, Dewe and O'Driscoll, 2001). Primary interventions seek to reduce the intensity or number of stressors employees are exposed to, through interventions like job redesign or workload reduction. Secondary interventions aim to help employees cope with existing stressors more effectively, typically through a range of stress management training (SMT) programs. Finally, tertiary interventions focus ...

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