... dictionary definition of motivation is "either a motivating force or incentive". To apply this definition it would be safe to assume that an incentive or motivating force is needed in order to encourage people to do something. In the case of doing housework the motivation is not to have a dirty house. The first area is known as the outcome variable. This is usually measured or is operationalised by form of choice, effort and persistence behaviour. Alderman (1978), Carron (1984) and Gill (1986a), state that the individual character differences and physical and social environmental factors all make up motivation. The second perspective is known as individual difference factors. This takes account of the fact that individuals vary in levels of motivational characteristics; they differ on self-perception and participation behaviours. Klint and Weiss (1987) did a study on young gymnasts. Those who put higher ratings on high skill-related participation also had a higher ...

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