... motions; to eliminate wasted motions so the work would be done in the one best way' (Locke, 1982, p. 15). Taylor's time study system involved two phases - analytical and constructive. For analytical phase, 'each job was broken into as many simple elementary movements as possible' (Wren, 1994, p. 109). This meant that the time study was to enable each worker to have their small contribution to the work; which would mean less tedious job rather than in the traditional management, where each worker's job was tough and tedious, leading to more fatigue. Another phase was the constructive phase, where it 'involved building a file of elementary movements and times to be used wherever possible on other jobs or classes work' (Wren, 1994, p. 110). With this constructive phase, it enabled Taylor to further consider developing a theory of enhancing the usefulness of tools, procedures and machines. The theory was ...

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