... that benchmarking does not appear in the work of W. Edward Deming or any other previous material, thus benchmarking was essentially invented at Zerox by Robert Camp, who defines the benchmarking process as "finding and implementing best practices" (Camp, 2001). Since this time camp has provided substantial literature on the subject of benchmarking, which is now recognised across the globe as a method of improving organisation performance by continually identifying, understanding and adapting outstanding practices found inside and outside the organisation and implementing results (American Productivity & Quality centre, 1994, Cited, Jarrar, 2002). Along with Camp, other key researchers who have contributed significantly to the popularisation of the benchmarking approach are Bjorn Anderson, a colleague of Camp, and UK researchers Mohammed Zairi and Yasar Jarrar. Today benchmarking has truly revolutionised the culture of business in the west and the way it is organised, managed and run (Jarrar, 2002), enabling organisations to ...

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