... and therefore religion has a distinct role in its political evolution. It is widely claimed that Pakistan became the first Islamic ideological state of the modern times. Unlike the non-ideological states, it was not established due to any geographical conflict or territorial domination by a group of people. If the ideology of such a state like Pakistan is dead then its existence can be questioned. Therefore, Pakistan can't exist if there is no more ideology of Pakistan. Jinnah advocated a state where the Muslims would be in a majority unmindful of the fact that in any scheme of things more Muslims would be left in India. These beliefs, arguments and ideas along with many more will be discussed in this essay. Hamza Alavi provides great sight into the relationship between Muslims in India and the creation of Pakistan. He argues that it was not Islam; rather Muslims in India that ...

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