... problem may be that children are being allocated unfairly into their ability groups. To successfully identify whether this problem actually exists, the researcher would need to enter the situation themselves in order to gain first-hand experience of goings on within the classroom. In this case, the researcher needs to speak to the children individually to get an insight into how their schooling has affected them. For example, it may be that after talking to the children, the conclusion that some of those from the lower group, may show higher intelligence than some of those allocated in the higher group may arise. With the observation that the majority of those in lower groups, were those of lower class families and the ethnic minority, the problem can be identified, i.e. unfair allocation into groups. Data collection Results gained need to be valid and in order to achieve this it is of high importance ...

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