... laws, and principles associated with reality. The constructivist epistemology advocates that through the varying senses of sight, hearing, touch, smell and taste we learn about physical phenomena. With these messages from the senses the individual is able to build a picture of the world. (Lorsbach and Tobin, 1990) Bruner, renowned for influencing psychological and educational thought, believed the constructivist theory was a general framework for instruction based upon Piaget's theory of cognition. Bruner maintained the active process of learning allowing pupils to construct new ideas or concepts based upon their current or past knowledge. By selecting and transforming information, the learner is able to construct hypotheses, and makes decisions, relying on a cognitive structure to provide meaning and organization to experiences, allowing the individual to "go beyond the information given". Bruner (1). Bruner endorsed what is called 'The Spiral Curriculum,' enabling pupils to learn a subject and at various stages in their ...

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