... very difficult to individualize or differentiate instruction for students in these separate class programs. Furthermore, the "curriculum" offered by special education often lacks coherence, consisting instead of disjointed activities that are used to develop basic literacy and numeracy skills; it often does not focus on higher-level cognitive skills; and it often lacks the richness of the general education curriculum. Finally, the curriculum offered in separate special education classes is usually not coordinated with or supportive of the general education curriculum. Personal experiences with these programs provide some insight into why they do not work. Think for a moment about a boy in the fourth grade who has a reading problem. This student is identified as having a learning disability and is pulled out of his general education classroom during morning language arts for small-group instruction in reading in a separate, special education classroom. Placed in this separate classroom at the same ...

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