... Becoming confident with number involves having a repertoire of symbolic images, for example number lines, number grids or arrow cards. Ronshausen (1978) suggests five prerequisites for learning place value: being able to identify a set when given the number; creating a set when given the number; correctly naming the number of objects in a set; representing numbers in the written form and being able to record amounts as number symbols, and being able to count from one to ten with and without the aid of objects. A key to beginning to grasp the concept of place value is to grasp the convention of our number system. Our system of counting has been shown to confuse and confound young children, although they often realise the logic after teens and twenties. One common problem arises in the actual sounds of the words, for example 14 sounds very similar to 40. Another is the ...

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