... is to produce a design which requires as little change as possible when being made, because change costs time, and time cost money. This document looks at different aspects of casting and uses the most appropriate of them to describe rail manufacturing. Casting is a process by which a fluid melt is introduced into a mold, allowed to cool in the shape of the form, and then ejected to make a fabricated part or casing. Four main elements are required in the process of casting: pattern, mold, cores, and the part. The pattern, the original template from which the mold is prepared, creates a corresponding cavity in the casting material. Cores are used to produce tunnels or holes in the finished mold, and the part is the final output of the process. This process is widely used as a primary forming process and suitable for bulk shaping of a material. One ...

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