... involves a wide variety of skills. Among these are research, market analysis, and design of individual pieces of equipment, cost estimation, computer programming, and plant-location surveys. 2. PLANT DESIGN The term 'plant design' and 'plant layout' are often confused; hence they are clarified in order to facilitate further discussion. Richman describes plant design as "the over-all design of an enterprise."2 It is a broad function taking in the origin of the enterprise, the planning of finances, the plant location, and all the planning necessary for the physical requirements of a plant. On the other hand, plant layout is concerned with spatial arrangement of process plant and its interconnections, such as piping. The term 'plant layout' has been given a generic meaning covering all aspects of layout, as in the detailed arrangement of equipment and piping etc. Therefore, plant layout is one of many activities required for the effective overall design of an ...

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