... the free space to increase the velocity of flow across the tubes thus giving higher rates of heat transfer. As temperature difference is above 80°C an internal floating head heat exchanger is used to allow the removal of the tube bundle and for considerable expansion of the tubes. In this arrangement one tube plate is fixed but the second is bolted to a floating head cover so that the bundle can move relative to the shell. This floating tube sheet is clamped between the floating head and a split backing flange in such a way that it is relatively easy to break the flanges at the end and to draw out the tube bundle. The shell cover at the floating head end is larger than that at the other end. This enables the tubes to be placed as near as possible to the edge of the fixed tube plate leaving very ...

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