... the Israelite (a-ha-ab-bu matsir-i-la-a-a). This is the first reference to any Israelite king in the Neo-Assyrian kingdom. At this time there must have been a peaceful relation between the Arameans of Damascus and Israel, which could be the peace following the campaigns of Adad-´idri towards Samaria (probably 857 BC) and Aphek (prob. 856 BC) according to 1. Kings xx. 1-34. Shalmaneser III had to repeat his campaigns against this alliance in both 849, 848 and 845. Every time he mentions Adad-´idri 'and 12 other kings from the shore of the Upper and Lower Sea'. In these inscriptions he mentions Irhuleni of Hamath as only other king known to him than Adad-´idri of Damascus. This could mean that either some minor kingdoms had withdrawn from the alliance and been replaced by others or Shalmaneser III simply did not know the names of the new kings in some minor kingdoms. There could have ...

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