... and bizarre. Later research, however, looks at the above position quite skeptically and feels that while Spartans were; in fact, more liberal and treated their women relatively better, the Athenians were uncommonly conservative and restrictive in their ways. Hence, it is believed that other territories would have fallen somewhere in between, with respect to their own treatment of women. Besides the lack of non-Athenian primary sources, is the problem of the nature of them. The bulk of the available sources do not constitute direct testimonies because men wrote them. Hence, misogyny compounds the research concerns by tainting much of the available ancient literature. Such documentation include male poets from Homer and Hesiod, in Archaic Times; to the plays by Euripides; Plato's and Aristotle's essays; writings from physician Hippocrates in the fifth century; historians like Plutarch left a legacy of anecdotes about women; and the written testimony of orators (for the ...

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