... all, war was not only the concern of the great states with large budgets but also warfare of a different character took place including popular uprisings and private ventures led by professional knights. With the appearance of castles in the eleventh and twelfth centuries we saw the emergence of the local power of the lord. Indeed, castle building and other defensive works had 'its roots in fundamental social change.2' This was brought about by the military threat of marauders from the Viking, Magyar, and Saracen raids. Some historians such as T B Bisson in 'past and present' argue that the period of the eleventh and twelfth centuries saw a 'feudal revolution,' as there was a transformation of power from the political (maintenance of public order through public officials) to the non-political. From the transformation of power there was a crisis of authority as the lord came to run society ...

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