... across Europe and those of particular note included Vesalius from the Spanish Netherlands, Copernicus from Poland, Kepler from Germany and Harvey from England. Many of the leading scientists came from Italy including Galileo, Torricelli and Viviani. In the early years of the Scientific Revolution, natural philosophers tended to work individually occasionally publishing some of their work. However a 'culture of science' gradually developed in Western Europe and spread slowly Eastward. Scientists began to write to each other sharing information and ideas. By the 1660's letters, newsletters and periodicals linked many Europeans interested in science. Gradually a 'republic of science' took shape, spawning lectures, visits by travelling scholars, book purchases and public experiments. One of the principal natural philosophers was Galileo who was born in 1654. He was a natural philosopher keen to progress science through experimentation and saw the value of public experiments as a means of proving his discoveries ...

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