... the 1929 Great Depression that in 1933 Hitler was able to establish the most brutal of fascist regimes; only in Italy and Germany did fascism have truly mass successful and powerful regimes, elsewhere they remained uninfluential movements. Culturally, the emergence of movements displaying fascist tendencies in the majority of European states in the inter-war years can be partly explained by the huge appeal and extensive 'roots' of fascist ideology. The fascist movements had much in common in their ideology, so much that they were indeed able to borrow from each other. Behind the stereotypical fascism defined by brutality and violence there lay a coherent body of thought, which had developed from intellectual movements from the late 19th century onwards. It resulted in a fascist ideology that was elusive, drawing from the right and from the left, which was neither capitalist nor communist, yet sought to create a radical 'Third way.' This ...

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