... of whether the bill of lading incorporates the Rules or the proper law of the contract is English - (The Antares)4. The buyer and seller involved in international sale contracts can freely decide the manner in which the delivery occurs, who will bare any risks, and any other factors incidental to the transaction. One such contract that facilitates these requirements is a C.I.F contract. The letters C.I.F stand for 'cost, insurance and freight'. These contracts focus on the delivery of documents and payment against delivery of these documents. The documents usually provided are (a) the bill of lading (b) an insurance policy, and (c) a commercial invoice. The seller's duties are to obtain a contract of carriage for the goods, to ship to the agreed port goods of the contract description, to insure the goods, to procure a commercial invoice and to subsequently tender these to the buyer. Consequently, the buyer's ...

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