... for a crime victim (Duff 1992, p. 73; Davis 1992, pp. 44-45). Why society punishes and what punishment can and cannot accomplish are central issues to this essay so that the concept of punishment, manner and the degree to which it is metered out can be understood; not just as a means of sanctioning people for violating the law per se, but in gratifying prevailing social organisation (Garland, 2000, p. 381). ). Basically, punishment takes two forms in dealing with offenders in the United Kingdom. Custodial sentencing tends to generally be viewed as more punitive than non-custodial sentencing and remains a contentious debate as far as being an effective measure in reducing the likelihood of re-offending than the latter. Wilson claims most studies show that between 25 - 50% of offenders that are incarcerated, re-offend within one year of release (Wilson, 2000, pp. 113-115). Whilst there may be no hard evidence ...

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