... 'Just Deserts' effect is that the individual should be punished accordingly as a result of committing an offence. Utilitarian theories can be sub-divided into further sentencing aims, these are Deterrence, Protection of Society/Incapacitation, Rehabilitation and Reparation (now more commonly known as Restorative Justice). These types of theories are more concerned with the future behaviour of the offender and look to ensure that the punishment serves a useful purpose, either to the criminal or to society itself. Deterrence is the central objective of both criminal law and social control through the use of sanctions that are enforced as a result of unlawful behaviour. It makes the assumption that people do not want to be punished and therefore will not re-offend through fear of punishment.3 Deterrence hope to make people think twice about re-offending or from actually committing a crime in the first place, the former is known as individual/specific deterrence ...

See this essay or coursework document in full right now