... sex than another, and which cannot be objectively justified against job-related criteria: it has been used to make unlawful a top age limit for many job applications, for example, because more women than men are likely to be over this limit, since women are more likely to have taken time out of a career to have children. In order to give effect to the Acts, the Equal Opportunities Commission was established in Britain. It operates by supporting test cases under the Acts, investigating employers suspected of widespread discrimination, and promoting equality of opportunity, via, for example, good practice guides for employers. While it is funded by the government, it is an independent body, and has successfully sued the government on behalf of part-time workers, the majority of whom are female. A related provision against discrimination requires that there should be no discrimination with regard to employees' pay on the grounds of sex. ...

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