... expectators so far as it is possible, and that they should continue to do so".3 The doctrine of proprietary estoppel was first recognised by the House of Lords in Ramsden v Dyson4 This case involved a yearly tenant who believed that the landlord would grant him a 60 year lease on the property. He erected a building on the land, upon doing so the landlord refused to grant him the lease. The tenant then claimed to be entitled to a grant in equity. In this case strict conditions for the existence of an estoppel were laid down, as stated by Lord Kingsdown in a dissenting opinion, "if a man, under a verbal agreement with a landlord for a certain interest in land, or, what amounts to the same thing, under an expectation, created or encouraged by the landlord that he shall have a certain interest, takes possession of such land with ...

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