... and morality, and how they influence each other. After establishing that morality and criminal law are connected I seek to show that it is not possible to separate them even in principle. Towards the end of the twelfth century an important shift in the emphasis of criminal law began to occur, where people were regarded as moral agents, people who can assume responsibility for their actions, as opposed to instruments of harm. C.M.V Clarkson attributes this change to the combination of "the growing importance of the canon law with its emphasis on moral guilt, and the revived Roman Law with its stress on the physical element of blame in criminal liability (Sayre, 1932)."1 The function of criminal law is establish a set of standards of what is or is not permissible and it is a form of social control. Criminal law can be seen as a body of ...

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