... in cases with similar facts. A Simple Diagram OF The Court Structure: Civil Courts Criminal Courts House of Lords House of Lords House Of Appeal Court of Appeal High Court Crown Court County Court Magistrates Court Do the courts have to follow their own previous decisions (a decision that is at the ...

... the foundation of his new " English law" system. He introduced what was known as the feudal system under which all land belonged to the king. As the king owned all the land in the country he could give pieces ...

... longer a creative source of law. Local customs is when a person claims that he/she is entitled to some local right, such as a right of way or a right to use land in a particular way; because this is what ...

... legal interpretation in common law countries, including Australia. It is commonly known that like most doctrine the doctrine of precedent emerged in the United Kingdom. Australia is a common wealth country and still under the queen it also follows the ...

... liabilities3. Furthermore, the company does not hold any property for example merely as an agent or trustee for its members4, they cannot sue individually or collectively to enforce rights which the company has against third persons otherwise than in exceptional ...

... conferred upon them in the articles of association. However, under s.35(3) of the Companies Act 1985 (CA 1985), such actions can be ratified by resolution. Such voting is made on the basis of majority rule. However, it is possible that ...

... directors, shareholders, or other subsidiary companies; hence the concept of the corporate veil. Various attempts have been made to weaken or lift the veil, with the judiciary swinging from strictly applying the Salomon principle to taking a more interventionist approach ...

... an inordinate amount of management time, which is particularly detrimental to smaller, owner managed companies. Main Body Minority Shareholder Protection Shareholders believe that their interests are being prejudiced by the way affairs of the company are being managed by the company's directors. Shareholders ...

... necessarily serious injury, or, 2) an intention to do an act, or omit to act where there is a duty to do so, being reckless whether death or personal injury be caused4 Indeed although the sort of mental state the defendant ...

... single, centralised government. From the reconciliation between Federalist and Anti-Federalist doctrine, there emerged an adapted version of the separation of powers, each branch relating to the other two via a system of checks and balances. While one might suppose that ...

... there is an official who is in charge of summonsing enough jurors to try the cases that will be heard. The official arranges names to be selected at random from the electoral register for the area that the court covers. ...

... purchase quantities of morphine or heroin from the local druggist. The Harrison Narcotics Act of 1914 illegalised the importation, sale, or possession of opiates, reflecting an emerging moral crusade against intoxication. Several possible explanations may be employed for this new ...

... where matrimonial property issues between spouses are not governed by legislation, and also to property disputes between co-habitees and third parties. The difficulties which arise in relation to deciding in what circumstances a beneficial interest may arise have largely centred ...

... could be considered the right wing conservatives, the aristocratic and wealthy, made up of priests and merchants, who followed the letter of the law in its most literal interpretation, leaving no room for the current societal application of the law ...

... belief between the two countries. Witches were believed to have signed a pact with the devil and as a result, the Scots, where Puritanism was highly followed, found the need to use torture to construct evidence, which would have been ...

... its notification to the plaintiff, or, in the absence thereof, of the day on which it came to the knowledge of the latter, as the case may be. Thus the time limit may well have passed before the alleged illegality ...

... purpose. Americans feel much more secure knowing that they can call on the constitution at any time and it will back them up (if they are in the right) without the risk of repeal or argument. However in England we ...

... is relevant to the issue at hand. As well as looking at the court system legislation and case laws will also be assessed in the evaluation of the lay justices and their roles in the various criminal justice systems. Taking firstly ...

... rights might find incidental protection by causes of action designed to protect other interests, but there is no distinct cause of action for 'invasion of privacy'.2 This point was graphically illustrated in the case of Kaye v Robertson.3 This case ...

... proposals for reform. The article by The Law Society titled "Cohabitation - The Case For Clear Law - Proposal for reform " (July 2002)2 to considers many proposals to reform the law. The report is dated 2002, prior to the "Civil ...

... giving cause for concern is his agreement to join a Liberal Democrat working party. Before examining the common law it is important to assess how the statute law impacts on these situations. The basic principle of judicial tenure stems from Article ...

... will look at the differences between law and justice by comparing them to situations involving some of the main characters from the play including Eddie, Alfieri, Rodolfo, Marco, and Catherine. The most important of these 'laws' is that nobody should ...

... Again emphasised through the association of the United Kingdom with European Community Law as well as the incorporation of the Human Rights Act has meant that the rule of law has once again been modified. According to T.R.S Allan, for ...

... relating to nervous shock could be no exception. The Law Commission's proposals for the reform of the law relating to nervous shock are an attempt to improve those aspects of law which are less wanted nowadays, in order for the ...

... when it will apply, the most problematic being directives. Even though there have been extensions of this idea, as seen with horizontal and indirect effect, the principle is still not without restriction. In the words of Cappelletti "if a court ...