... anti-road protesters perched in trees, Reclaim the Streets parties and GM crop sabotage to name just a few of the many examples (Connelly & Smith 2003: 68; Millar 1999). This sudden up-rise in green direct action leads us to ask why green direct action has (re-)emerged; or in other words, what the reason(s) and motivation(s) are for the use of unconventional tactics? Presumably the rationale for any green action is to further green goals. Therefore, for me, the real question is "why do green direct action groups and individuals believe that direct action will be an effective strategy in furthering green aims?" It seems to me that, the way to illustrate why green direct action groups/individuals are motivated to employ direct action tactics is to evaluate why activists perceive that direct action will be a successful strategy to achieve green aims. Therefore, in the first half of this essay I ...

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